Compare South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2001) - Gibraltar (2002)

Compare South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2001) z Gibraltar (2002)

	South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2001)	Gibraltar (2002)

Administrative divisions	-	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Age structure	-	0-14 years: 18.5% (male 2,633; female 2,509) 15-64 years: 66.3% (male 9,456; female 8,907) 65 years and over: 15.2% (male 1,803; female 2,406) (2002 est.)
Agriculture - products	-	none
Airports	none	1 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways	-	total: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2002)
Area	total: 3,903 sq km land: 3,903 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Shag Rocks, Black Rock, Clerke Rocks, South Georgia Island, Bird Island, and the South Sandwich Islands, which consist of some nine islands	total: 6.5 sq km land: 6.5 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly larger than Rhode Island	about 11 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC
Background	The islands lie approximately 1,000 km east of the Falkland Islands. Grytviken, on South Georgia, was a 19th and early 20th century whaling station. The famed explorer Ernest SHACKLETON stopped there in 1914 en route to his ill-fated attempt to cross Antarctica on foot. He returned some 20 months later with a few companions in a small boat and arranged a successful rescue for the rest of his crew, stranded off the Antarctic Peninsula. He died in 1922 on a subsequent expedition and is buried in Grytviken. Today, the station houses a small military garrison. The islands have large bird and seal populations and, recognizing the importance of preserving the marine stocks in adjacent waters, the UK, in 1993, extended the exclusive fishing zone from 12 miles to 200 miles around each island.	Strategically important, Gibraltar was ceded to Great Britain by Spain in the 1713 Treaty of Utrecht; the British garrison was formally declared a colony in 1830. In referendums held in 1967 and 2002, Gibraltarians ignored Spanish pressure and voted overwhelmingly to remain a British dependency.
Birth rate	-	11.19 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Budget	revenues: $291,777 expenditures: $451,000, including capital expenditures of $NA (1988 est.)	revenues: $307 million expenditures: $284 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (FY00/01 est. )
Capital	-	Gibraltar
Climate	variable, with mostly westerly winds throughout the year interspersed with periods of calm; nearly all precipitation falls as snow	Mediterranean with mild winters and warm summers
Coastline	NA km	12 km
Constitution	adopted 3 October 1985	30 May 1969
Country name	conventional long form: South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands conventional short form: none	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Gibraltar
Currency	-	Gibraltar pound (GIP)
Death rate	-	8.88 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Debt - external	-	$NA
Dependency status	overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina; administered from the Falkland Islands by UK civil commissioner Donald A. LAMONT, representing Queen ELIZABETH II; Grytviken, formerly a whaling station on South Georgia, is the garrison town	overseas territory of the UK
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina)	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina)	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Disputes - international	claimed by Argentina	Spain and UK are discussing "total shared sovereignty" to resolve 300-year dispute over Gibraltar, but resolution is subject to a constitutional referendum by Gibraltarians, who have largely expressed opposition to any form of cession to Spain
Economic aid - recipient	-	$NA; note - if an agreement between Spain and the UK is reached, could receive 50 million euros from the EU
Economy - overview	Some fishing takes place in adjacent waters. There is a potential source of income from harvesting fin fish and krill. The islands receive income from postage stamps produced in the UK.	Gibraltar benefits from an extensive shipping trade, offshore banking, and its position as an international conference center. The British military presence has been sharply reduced and now contributes about 11% to the local economy. The financial sector accounts for 20% of GDP; tourism (almost 6 million visitors in 1998), shipping services fees, and duties on consumer goods also generate revenue. In recent years, Gibraltar has seen major structural change from a public to a private sector economy, but changes in government spending still have a major impact on the level of employment.
Electricity - consumption	NA kWh	90.21 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - exports	-	0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - imports	-	0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - production	-	97 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - production by source	fossil fuel: NA% hydro: NA% nuclear: NA% other: NA%	fossil fuel: 100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Paget (South Georgia) 2,934 m	lowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m highest point: Rock of Gibraltar 426 m
Environment - current issues	NA	limited natural freshwater resources: large concrete or natural rock water catchments collect rainwater (no longer used for drinking water) and adequate desalination plant
Ethnic groups	-	Spanish, Italian, English, Maltese, Portuguese
Exchange rates	-	Gibraltar pounds per US dollar - 0.6981 (January 2002), 0.8977 (2001), 0.6596 (2000), 0.6180 (1999), 0.6037 (1998), 0.6106 (1997); note - the Gibraltar pound is at par with the British pound
Executive branch	-	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor and Commander-in-Chief David DURIE (since 5 April 2000); note - Sir Francis RICHARDS was appointed governor 18 December 2002 and will take office in May 2003 head of government: Chief Minister Peter CARUANA (since 17 May 1996) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed from among the 15 elected members of the House of Assembly by the governor in consultation with the chief minister elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed chief minister by the governor
Exports	-	$81.1 million f.o.b. (1997)
Exports - commodities	-	(principally reexports) petroleum 51%, manufactured goods 41%, other 8%
Exports - partners	-	UK, Morocco, Portugal, Netherlands, Spain, US, Germany
Fiscal year	-	1 July - 30 June
Flag description	the flag of the UK is used	two horizontal bands of white (top, double width) and red with a three-towered red castle in the center of the white band; hanging from the castle gate is a gold key centered in the red band
GDP	-	purchasing power parity - $500 million (1997 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	-	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%
GDP - per capita	-	purchasing power parity - $17,500 (1997 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	-	NA%
Geographic coordinates	54 30 S, 37 00 W	36 8 N, 5 21 W
Geography - note	the north coast of South Georgia has several large bays, which provide good anchorage; reindeer, introduced early in this century, live on South Georgia	strategic location on Strait of Gibraltar that links the North Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea
Highways	-	total: 46.25 km paved: 46.25 km unpaved: 0 km (2001)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	-	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Imports	-	$492 million c.i.f. (1997)
Imports - commodities	-	fuels, manufactured goods, and foodstuffs
Imports - partners	-	UK, Spain, Japan, Netherlands
Independence	-	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Industrial production growth rate	-	NA%
Industries	-	tourism, banking and finance, ship-building and repairing; tobacco, mineral water, beer
Infant mortality rate	-	5.4 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	-	1.5% (1998)
International organization participation	-	Interpol (subbureau)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	-	2 (2000)
Irrigated land	0 sq km (1993)	NA sq km
Judicial branch	-	Supreme Court; Court of Appeal
Labor force	-	14,800 (including non-Gibraltar laborers)
Labor force - by occupation	-	services 60%, industry 40%, agriculture NEGL%
Land boundaries	0 km	total: 1.2 km border countries: Spain 1.2 km
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% permanent pastures: 0% forests and woodland: 0% other: 100% (largely covered by permanent ice and snow with some sparse vegetation consisting of grass, moss, and lichen)	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (1998 est.)
Languages	-	English (used in schools and for official purposes), Spanish, Italian, Portuguese
Legal system	the laws of the UK, where applicable, apply	English law
Legislative branch	-	unicameral House of Assembly (18 seats - 15 elected by popular vote, one appointed for the Speaker, and two ex officio members; members serve four-year terms) elections: last held 10 February 2000 (next to be held NA 2004) election results: percent of vote by party - GSD 58%, GSLP 41%; seats by party - GSD 8, GSLP 7
Life expectancy at birth	-	total population: 79.23 years male: 76.37 years female: 82.25 years (2002 est.)
Literacy	-	definition: NA total population: above 80% male: NA% female: NA%
Location	Southern South America, islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, east of the tip of South America	Southwestern Europe, bordering the Strait of Gibraltar, which links the Mediterranean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, on the southern coast of Spain
Map references	Antarctic Region	Europe
Maritime claims	exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM	territorial sea: 3 NM
Merchant marine	-	total: 75 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 900,400 GRT/1,277,611 DWT ships by type: bulk 2, cargo 35, chemical tanker 6, container 10, multi-functional large-load carrier 3, passenger 3, petroleum tanker 14, roll on/roll off 2 note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Belgium 1, Cyprus 1, France 2, Germany 55, Greece 6, Ireland 1, Monaco 2, Norway 3, United Kingdom 13 (2002 est.)
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of the UK	defense is the responsibility of the UK
Military branches	-	no regular indigenous military forces; British Army, Royal Navy, Royal Air Force
National holiday	Liberation Day, 14 June (1982)	National Day, 10 September (1964); note - day of the national referendum to decide whether to remain with the UK or go with Spain
Nationality	-	noun: Gibraltarian(s) adjective: Gibraltar
Natural hazards	the South Sandwich Islands have prevailing weather conditions that generally make them difficult to approach by ship; they are also subject to active volcanism	NA
Natural resources	fish	NEGL
Net migration rate	-	NEGL migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Pipelines	-	0 km
Political parties and leaders	-	Gibraltar Social Democrats or GSD [Peter CARUANA]; Gibraltar Socialist Labor Party or GSLP [Joseph John BOSSANO]
Political pressure groups and leaders	-	Chamber of Commerce; Gibraltar Representatives Organization; Women's Association
Population	no indigenous inhabitants note: the small military garrison on South Georgia withdrew in March 2001, to be replaced by a permanent group of scientists of the British Antarctic Survey which also has a biological station on Bird Island; the South Sandwich Islands are uninhabited (July 2001 est.)	27,714 (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line	-	NA%
Population growth rate	-	0.23% (2002 est.)
Ports and harbors	Grytviken	Gibraltar
Radio broadcast stations	none	AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios	-	37,000 (1997)
Religions	-	Roman Catholic 76.9%, Church of England 6.9%, Muslim 6.9%, Jewish 2.3%, none or other 7% (1991)
Sex ratio	-	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.75 male(s)/female total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
Suffrage	-	18 years of age; universal, plus other UK subjects who have been residents six months or more
Telephone system	general assessment: NA domestic: NA international: coastal radiotelephone station at Grytviken	general assessment: adequate, automatic domestic system and adequate international facilities domestic: automatic exchange facilities international: radiotelephone; microwave radio relay; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	-	19,000 (1997)
Telephones - mobile cellular	-	1,620 (1997)
Television broadcast stations	0 (1997)	1 (plus three low-power repeaters) (1997)
Terrain	most of the islands, rising steeply from the sea, are rugged and mountainous; South Georgia is largely barren and has steep, glacier-covered mountains; the South Sandwich Islands are of volcanic origin with some active volcanoes	a narrow coastal lowland borders the Rock of Gibraltar
Total fertility rate	-	1.65 children born/woman (2002 est.)
Unemployment rate	-	13.5% (1996) (1996)
Waterways	none	none

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